![]() There are no concrete figures regarding population, but the estimate is between 29,500 and 50,000 individuals. ![]() Bonobos live south of the river, and thereby were separated from the ancestors of the common chimpanzee, which live north of the river. As the two species are not proficient swimmers, the natural formation of the Congo River (around 1.5–2 million years ago) possibly led to the isolation and speciation of the bonobo. Īlong with the common chimpanzee, the bonobo is the closest extant relative to humans. Because of political instability in the region, and the general timidity of bonobos, there has been relatively little field work done observing the species in its natural habitat.Īccording to studies published in 2017 by researchers at The George Washington University, the ancestors of the genus Pan split from the human line about 8 million years ago moreover, bonobos split from the common chimpanzee line about 2 million years ago. The bonobo inhabits primary and secondary forest, including seasonally inundated swamp forest. The species is predominantly frugivorous, compared to the often highly omnivorous diets and hunting of small monkeys, duiker and other antelope exhibited by common chimpanzees. The bonobo is found in a 500,000 km 2 (190,000 sq mi) area within the Congo Basin of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Central Africa. Some individuals have sparser, thin hair over parts of their bodies. īonobos are distinguished from common chimpanzees by relatively long limbs, pinker lips, a darker face, a tail-tuft through adulthood, and parted, longer hair on its head. Taxonomically, the members of the chimpanzee/bonobo subtribe Panina-composed entirely by the genus Pan-are collectively termed panins. While bonobos are, today, recognized as a distinct species in their own right, they were initially thought to be a subspecies of Pan troglodytes, due to the physical similarities between the two species. Data presented on party size are consistent with this conclusion.īonobo THV folivory frugivory nutrition social organization surveys.Ĭopyright © 1991 Wiley‐Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company.The bonobo ( / b ə ˈ n oʊ b oʊ, ˈ b ɒ n ə b oʊ/ Pan paniscus), also historically called the pygmy chimpanzee (less often the dwarf chimpanzee or gracile chimpanzee), is an endangered great ape and one of the two species making up the genus Pan (the other being the common chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes). Given the selectivity of the study population and the patchy distribution of THV, it is unlikely that THV has been responsible for the evolution of the unique social system reported for bonobos. The plant parts chosen are high in proteins and relatively low in carbohydrates. ![]() liebrechtsiana over other species of THV, choose patches with larger stems, and, within patches, choose larger stems over smaller stems. However, THV feeding patches are rare because of distinct feeding preferences. The data clearly demonstrate that THV, and particularly Haumania liebrechtsiana (Marantaceae), is ubiquitously distributed as previously suggested. Here, we present data that quantify the spatial distribution of THV in the Lomako Forest, an analysis of the nutrient content of the plant parts commonly consumed, and patterns of THV consumption in relation to its distribution. ![]() These data suggest that THV exploitation may be causally related to the evolution of the more cohesive social system found in bonobos compared to that of chimpanzees. It has also been reported that THV is ubiquitously distributed in the lowland rain forests inhabited by bonobos. Data available on behavior and morphology of Pan paniscus (bonobos) suggest that terrestrial herbaceous vegetation (THV) is an important component of their diet and that it may be preferred by bonobos to a greater extent than by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).
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