Outwardly handsome, dignified, and a devout Muslim, inwardly the Grand Vizier was an arrogant power monger with an unveiled hatred of Christians. But such modest aims did not satisfy Mustafa. By laying siege to Vienna, Mustafa disobeyed Sultan Mehmed IV (1648-1687), who intended that Mustafa do little more than capture Imperial frontier fortresses. Mustafa had another reason to press on he feared the Sultan’s punishment in the event of failure. Without that army, the Turks would pour into the city and wantonly enslave and butcher its inhabitants. The city’s only hope was the timely arrival of the anxiously awaited Christian relief army. Starhemberg knew that Vienna’s defenses were at their end. After fending off 18 major Turkish assaults, only a third of the originally 11,500-strong garrison remained fit for combat and their ammunitions were nearly exhausted. Sewage, rubble, and corpses littered the streets and disease ran rampant. Turkish mines and bombardments had opened huge gaps in the city walls. That last drop of blood had almost been reached. The Janissaries were not called out of the trenches until it was too late. Polish horsemen descend upon the Ottoman forces besieging Vienna. The Turkish Serasker (Supreme Commander), Grand Vizier Kara “Black” Mustafa, demanded surrender, but Count Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg, commander of Vienna’s garrison, spat back, “Let him come I’ll fight to the last drop of blood.” The Battle of Kahlenberg, 1683 by Frans Geffels. "Savaş ve Propaganda: 1683 Viyana Kuşatması Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme".Relief came out of the woods and down from the heights…įor nearly two long months, from July 14 to early September 1683, Vienna endured the siege of a vast Turkish army. "Savaş ve Propaganda: 1683 Viyana Kuşatması Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme" Savaş ve Propaganda: 1683 Viyana Kuşatması Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. In response to his propaganda activities, the Habsburg government applied to various propaganda activities in order to involve the Christian states in the war on its side and to increase the level of public interest and participation in the defense of the = ,ĪU - Songül Çolak, Metin Aydar PY - 2020 TI - Savaş ve Propaganda: 1683 Viyana Kuşatması Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme SP - 1045 EP - 1096 JO - Belleten J2 - Belleten VL - 84 IS - PB. In the study, it is seen that the Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa Pasha of Merzifon engaged in propaganda activities such as convincing the state officials to war, keeping the morale of the army high and breaking the spirituality of the enemy with various propaganda activities. From this point of view, the study reveals the propaganda methods used by both sides in the process from the decision-making to war until its conclusion. However, the propaganda activities carried out from the beginning to the end of the war have not been discussed much. This war, which shaped the future of both the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Empire, as well as other Western states, has been discussed many times in terms of political, social and economic terms. This study focuses on the propaganda activities in the 1683 Vienna Siege, which emerged in the last quarter of the XVII th century and was one of the most important political events in Turkish and European history. In this context, the propaganda activities carried out from the beginning of a war to its end reveal that this concept and war are inextricably linked. Propaganda activities, especially used effectively in times of war, have served an important role in persuading, encouraging and supporting to the war in this process. Throughout history, people have benefited from propaganda activities in various ways. In this direction, propaganda has become a frequently used method that serves to personal interests. Its history dates back to when people first started communicating with each other. Propaganda is a method designed to persuade people to think and act in the desired way. Keywords: Ottoman Empire, Habsburg Empire, Vienna, Kara Mustafa Pasha of Merzifon, Propaganda Abstract War And Propaganda: An Evaluation on the 1683 Vienna SiegeġSamsun Üniversitesi, İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, Samsun/TÜRKİYEĢErzurum Teknik Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, Erzurum/TÜRKİYE
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